功率型锂/氟化碳一次电池的优化设计研究进展

锂/氟化碳电池作为固态正极中理论比能量较高（2203 Wh/kg）的一种一次电池体系，受到极大的关注，在诸多领域已有应用。本文对高功率锂/氟化碳电池的优化设计的最新研究进展进行了综述，详细讨论了氟化碳材料的前驱体、氟化方法、氟化碳材料表面改性、电极结构设计等因素对电池倍率性能的影响，并对今后功率型锂/氟化碳一次电池的发展方向进行了展望。

Review on the Design of High-Power Lithium/Carbon Fluorides Primary Batteries

Lithium/carbon fluorides (Li/CFx) battery, owing to its high energy density (2203 Wh/kg) of solid cathode systems, has attracted much attention and been used in many applications. The optimal design of Li/CFx primary batteries with high power density was studied in this paper. The key issue towards enhancing the high-power capability of Li/CFx primary batteries is substantially maximization the electronic and ion conductivity of the active materials, electrode, electrode interface, and electrolyte of the batteries. The starting carbon material, synthesis method, surface modification and the design of electrode were described to realize the promise of high power. Despite of graphite, multi-wall carbon nanotubes/single-wall carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, soft-templated mesoporous carbons, fullerene, graphene can be employed as starting materials to be fluorinated to enhance the electronic and ion conductivity or surface areas, thus improving the power density. The fluorination methods and conditions also influence the power capability. Carbon fluorides can be synthesized under high temperature via reacting with F2 gas and low temperature using Lewis acids. The important factors are the reaction temperature and fluorine to carbon ratio. Apart from these, surface modification of carbon fluorides can improve the conductivity of the surface and reduce the fluorine content of the surface. The conductive network of the CFx electrode also can be optimized. Based on our work and recent studies by other groups, important and comprehensive guidelines for further research and development efforts in this field are provided.