乙烷脱氢制乙烯技术研究进展及趋势

在碳中和及全球能源供需版图调整的背景下，乙烯生产原料轻质化成为主流趋势。乙烷脱氢制乙烯技术具有低能耗、低碳排、流程短、收率高、成本低等优势，但目前工业上主要通过乙烷蒸汽裂解法生产乙烯，其他方法工业化生产相对不成熟。本文简述了近年来乙烷脱氢制乙烯技术(包括直接催化脱氢、O₂辅助氧化脱氢、CO₂辅助氧化脱氢、化学链氧化脱氢、催化膜反应器脱氢等)工艺及催化剂的研究现状，同时介绍了其他新兴工艺及催化剂。乙烷脱氢制乙烯技术现阶段面临的挑战不仅在于开发更高效的催化剂及更低能耗的技术，更需要突破乙烷脱氢热力学平衡的限制设计合适的反应路径，其中催化膜反应器脱氢、化学链氧化脱氢工艺都具有非常广阔的市场和工业化发展前景。

Research Progress and Perspective in Technology of Ethane Dehydrogenation to Ethylene

In the context of carbon neutrality and global energy supply and demand adjustments, the lightweight of ethylene production feedstock has become the mainstream trend. Technology of ethane dehydrogenation to ethylene has low energy consumption, low carbon emissions, short process, high yield, and low cost. However, currently, ethylene is mainly produced through ethane steam cracking in industry, while other methods are relatively immature. This review focus on the research progress of technologies and catalysts for ethane dehydrogenation to ethylene in recent years, including direct catalytic dehydrogenation, O2 assisted oxidative dehydrogenation, CO2 assisted oxidative dehydrogenation, chemical looping oxidative dehydrogenation, catalytic membrane reactor dehydrogenation, and other emerging processes and catalysts. The challenge lies in developing more effective catalysts and lower energy consumption technologies, as well as designing appropriate conversion path of the H2 product to break through the thermodynamic constraints. And catalytic membrane reactor dehydrogenation and chemical looping oxidation dehydrogenation technologies have very broad market and industrial development prospects.