化学还原法制备多形貌银纳米材料

银纳米材料因具有导热导电性能好、光电性能优良及抗菌能力强等优点而引起广泛关注，近年来其制备方法得到广泛研究。已报道的制备方法可分为化学法、物理法和生物法等，其中化学还原法可以通过使用不同的还原剂、包裹试剂及助剂，实现不同形貌及粒径的银纳米材料的快速制备。本文综述了化学还原法制备颗粒状、线形、片状、立方体及其它形貌的银纳米材料的原理及应用，并展望了银纳米材料工业化制备及应用研究的发展趋势。可控制备多形貌银纳米材料对于电子行业、医药生物以及传感器等相关领域的发展具有重要意义。

Preparation of Silver Nanomaterials with Multi-Morphologies by Chemical Reduction Method

Silver nanomaterials have aroused great interest because of their excellent thermal and electronic conductivities, high photoelectronic performance, and good antibacterial ability. The fabrication of these materials has been widely investigated in recent years. The reported fabrication methods included chemical method, physical method, and biological method. Among them, chemical reduction method has realized the preparation of silver nanoparticles with different morphologies and sizes by employing the according reduction agent, stabilizer, and auxiliaries. This review summarized the reaction mechanism and characteristics of the chemical method by which silver nanospheres, nanowires, nanoplates, cubes or other morphologies at nanoscale were synthesized. The industrial fabrication and applications were also discussed. The controllable preparation of silver nanoparticles with multi-morphologies is of significance in the fields such as electronics, medicine and biology, and sensors.