碳纳米结构构建:十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵@氯化钠体系

碳纳米材料用途十分广泛，但其形貌的控制和制备方法的完善仍然是个研究热点和亟需攻克的难点。在此，基于阳离子表面活性剂十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵(DDBAC)@氯化钠(NaCl)体系成功制备了碳纳米结构（碳纳米管、纳米碳球、棒状和层状碳纳米结构）。以DDBAC为碳源。碳化过程中使用NaCl晶体分隔DDBAC的有序聚集体。结果表明，通过控制DDBAC浓度制备出不同形貌的碳纳米结构，在1倍临界胶束浓度（CMC）~5CMC下制备了球形、棒形碳纳米结构和碳纳米管，在10CMC下制备了矩形层状碳纳米结构。利用TEM、PL、Raman等手段对制备的碳纳米结构进行表征。通过TEM分析DDBAC @ NaCl体系结构的转变，建立了胶束结构的演变过程。表面活性剂浓度的增加最终使得碳纳米形态从球形碳纳米结构到层状碳纳米结构的变化。本实验结论表明了表面活性剂@盐体系是一种潜在的制备碳纳米结构的方法。

Construction of Carbon Nanostructures: Dodecyl Dimethyl Benzyl Ammonium Chloride @ Sodium Chloride System

Carbon nanomaterials are widely used, but the control of their morphology and the improvement of preparation methods are still a research hotspot and a difficult problem to be overcome. Here in, carbon nanostructures (carbon nanotubes, nano carbon spheres, rod and layered carbon nanostructures) were prepared from dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC) @ sodium chloride (NaCl) system. DDBAC was used as carbon source. NaCl crystal in the carbonization procedure was used to separate ordered aggregate of DDBAC. The results showed that preparation of different carbon nanostructures by controlling the concentration of DDBAC, spherical, rod carbon nanostructures and carbon nanotubes were prepared at low concentrations (1CMC~5CMC) and rectangular layered carbon nanostructures were formed at high concentrations (10CMC). The prepared carbon nanostructures were characterized by TEM, PL, and Raman. The transformation of DDBAC @ NaCl system structure was analyzed by TEM, and the evolution process of micelle structure was established. The increase of surfactant concentration finally changes the morphology of carbon nanostructures from spherical carbon nanostructures to layered carbon nanostructures. The results of this experiment show that the surfactant @ salt system is a potential method for the preparation of carbon nanostructures.