Rapid detection of Escherichia coli by flow injection analysis coupled with amperometric method using an IrO2–Pd chemically modified electrode |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China;2. School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China;1. Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China;2. College of Resource and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China;3. Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China;1. Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium;2. Heart Center, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium;1. Grupo de Polímeros – Centro de Investigacións Tecnolóxicas (CIT), Universidade da Coruña, Campus de Esteiro s/n, Ferrol 15403, Spain;1. Physics Department, German University in Cairo, Entrance El Tagamoa El Khames, New Cairo City 11835, Cairo, Egypt;2. Sensors and Measurement Technology, Institute of Electrical Engineering and Measurement Technology, Leibniz University Hannover, Appelstr. 9a, 30167 Hannover, Germany |
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| Abstract: | An amperometric method for the rapid detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) by flow injection analysis (FIA) using an IrO2–Pd chemically modified electrode (CME) was developed in this paper. The method is based on a good marker β-d-galactosidase which was found in E. coli strains. β-d-galactosidase was produced by the induction of isopropyl β-d-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) and released from E. coli cells through the permeabilization of both polymyxin B nonapeptide and lysozyme to E. coli cells wall. The released β-d-galactosidase could catalyze the hydrolysis of the substrate p-aminophenyl β-d-galactopyranoside (PAPG) in the culture medium to produce 4-aminophenol which was proportional to the concentration of E. coli. Hence, E. coli could be detected by the determination of 4-aminophenol. An IrO2–Pd CME, which showed high sensitivity in determination of 4-aminophenol, was prepared as the electro-detector in FIA. The amplified response current of 4-aminophenol obtained at the IrO2–Pd CME was linear with the concentration of E. coli ranging from 2.0 × 102 to 1.0 × 106 cfu/mL, the detection limit of this method to E. coli was 150 cfu/mL and the complete assay could be performed in 3 h. |
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