Combination of microspheres and sol-gel electrophoresis for the formation of large-area ordered macroporous SiO2 |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovskeho Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic;2. Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov St., 14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan;2. Photocatalysis International Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan;1. Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICV-CSIC), Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain;2. Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC), CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain;1. Chemical Engineering Area, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 20, India;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 449-701, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon 402-701, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of New Orleans, LA 70148, USA;1. School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, PR China;2. Hebei Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Technology and High Efficient Energy Saving, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, PR China;1. Ural Federal University, Laboratory of Magnetic Sensors, Ekaterinburg, Russia;2. Universidad Pais Vasco UPV-EHU, BC Materials, Bilbao, Spain;3. Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Madrid, Spain |
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| Abstract: | A simple and effective fabrication scheme involving sequential electrophoretic depositions of polystyrene (PS) microspheres (500 nm and 1 μm in diameter) and SiO2 sols (~ 5 nm in diameter) to produce large-area ordered macroporous SiO2 inverse opals (2 × 2 cm2) on ITO substrates is demonstrated. The zeta potentials for PS microsphere suspension and SiO2 sols are measured to determine an optimized processing window in which both samples carry negative surface charges and sol-gel transformation can be properly implemented. Our approach entails the electrophoresis of PS microspheres to render a colloidal crystal with negligible defects. Afterward, SiO2 sols are infiltrated to the interstitial voids among the closely-packed PS microspheres via another electrophoresis process, followed by an oxidation treatment to remove the PS colloidal template and complete the densification of SiO2 gels. The resulting SiO2 inverse opals reveal impressive surface uniformity and structural integrity. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirms the complete removal of PS microspheres, leaving an intact SiO2 skeleton, whereas X-ray diffraction pattern indicates its amorphous nature. |
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