环氧化物法制备锑掺杂氧化锡气凝胶

以无机金属盐为前驱体,采用环氧丙烷添加法结合CO2超临界流体干燥和热处理工艺,制备了不同锑掺杂浓度的二氧化锡(ATO)气凝胶.所得气凝胶为深蓝色块体,平均密度约为600 mg?cm-3,锑掺杂浓度在5%到20%(x)之间.电子显微镜图片显示ATO气凝胶的骨架由粒径约为数十纳米的颗粒堆积而成,而这些颗粒又由数纳米的初级球形颗粒构成.X射线衍射谱表明,样品的主要晶相为SnO2四方相金红石结构,锑的掺杂仅引起微小的晶格畸变.X射线光电子谱显示锡元素以+4价态存在,而锑则具有+3和+5的混合价态.四探针电阻率测试仪的结果表明,ATO气凝胶的电阻率在2.7-40Ω?cm之间变化,其中在锑掺杂浓度(x)为12%时具有最低电阻率.

Antimony-Doped Tin Oxide Aerogel Based on Epoxide Additional Method

Antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) aerogels were prepared from inorganic salts via epoxide additional method, CO₂ supercritical fluid drying and thermal treatment. ATO samples were dark blue monoliths with average density of about 600 mg·cm^-3 and Sb concentrations of 5%-20%(x). Electron microscopy showed that the skeleton of the ATO aerogels consisted of particles of size of dozens of nanometers, which further consisted of primary particles of size about several nanometers. X-ray diffraction spectra showed that the main crystal structure within the ATO aerogels was tetragonal tin dioxide, while Sb doping only resulted in minor lattice distortion. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that the valence state of tin was +4, while antimony was mixed with +3 and +5 valences. Four-point probe resistivity analysis exhibited that the electrical resistivity of theATO aerogels changed from 2.7 to 40 Ω·cm, among which the aerogel with 12%Sb had the lowest resistivity.