金属串配合物[Ni3(L)4(NCS)2](L = dpa-, mpta-, mdpa-, mppa-)结构和磁性的理论研究

应用密度泛函理论BP86方法结合自然键轨道分析方法对具有分子导线潜在应用前景的金属串配合物Ni₃(L)₄(NCS)₂](L = dpa^- (1), mpta^- (2), mdpa^- (3), mppa^- (4))进行研究,分析了桥联配体L对Ni―Ni相互作用和磁耦合性质的影响.结果得到: (1)配合物的基态均是对应于五重态(HS)的反铁磁(AF)单重态, HS的能量和结构与AF态相近, Ni₃⁶⁺链形成了三中心四电子σ键(σ₂σ_nb¹σ^*1). (2) dpa^-引入甲基成为mdpa^-,对Ni―Ni、Ni―N距离影响不大; 3H-吡咯环和噻唑环取代吡啶环后, N1―N2、Ni―Ni距离增大, Ni2―N2键长缩短,但噻唑环的影响较小;故Ni―Ni相互作用强度为1 ≈ 3 > 2 > 4. (3)预测了3和4的J_ab值为-103和-88 cm^-1,随Ni―Ni相互作用增强磁耦合效应增大. Ni―Ni相互作用越大,通过Ni₃⁶⁺链σ型轨道的直接磁耦合越强; Ni2―N2键越强,通过涉及桥联配体的间接磁耦合越强,直接磁耦合比间接磁耦合更强.

Theoretical Study on the Structures and Magnetic Properties of Metal String Complexes [Ni3(L)4(NCS)2] (L = dpa-, mpta-, mdpa-, mppa-)

Density functional theory at the BP86 level and natural bond orbital theory were used to investigate the influence of bridging ligands on the Ni―Ni interactions and magnetic coupling properties of metal string complexes Ni₃(L)₄(NCS)₂] (L = 1: dpa^- (dipyridylamine), 2: mpta^- (4-methylpyridyl-thiazolylamine), 3: mdpa^- (4-methyl-dipyridylamine), 4: mppa-(4-methylpyridyl-3H-pyrrolylamine)) with potential applications in molecular wires. The following conclusions can be drawn. (1) The ground states of the complexes are antiferromagnetic (AF) singlet states, which correspond to the quintet state (HS). The energy and structure of HS is similar to AF. There are three-center-four-electron σ bonds (σ₂σ_nb¹σ^*1) along the Ni₃⁶⁺ chains. (2) The Ni―Ni and Ni―N distances are unaffected by methyl substituents on the pyridine ring of dpa^- ligands. However, substitution of the 3H-pyrrole ring or thiazole ring by the pyridine ring in mdpa^- lengthens the N1―N2 and Ni―Ni distances but shortens the Ni2―N2 distance. These effects of the thiazole ring are weaker than those of the 3H-pyrrole ring. Therefore, the strength of the Ni―Ni interaction is 1 ≈ 3 > 2 > 4. (3) The predicted J_ab values of 3 and 4 are -103 and -88 cm^-1, respectively. The AF magnetic coupling effects of the complexes increase with increasing Ni―Ni interaction strength: the stronger the Ni―Ni interaction, the greater the direct magnetic coupling in the σ orbitals along the Ni₃⁶⁺ chains. In addition, the stronger the Ni2―N2 interaction, the larger the indirect magnetic coupling involving the bridging ligand. The direct magnetic coupling is stronger than the indirect magnetic coupling.