Preparation and characterisation of ammonium polyphosphate intercalated layered double hydroxides composite by joint method with or without sonochemical technique

In this article, composites of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) intercalated layered double hydroxides (LDH) were prepared using joint methods (JM) and joint methods combined with a sonochemical technique (JMST). The structures of the composites were characterised by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Results indicated that both methods allowed the combination of LDH with APP to form APP/LDH composites via covalent bonds. APP intercalation into LDH layers or grafting onto LDH surfaces using JMST was favourable. The APP content of APP/LDH composites prepared by JMST was 1.5 times higher than that in products prepared only by JM. Furthermore, composites prepared by JMST were smaller in size.