卤代烷反应中取代和消去竞争的教学设计

在卤代烷的取代和消去反应中,进攻试剂均为带负电的实体或多电子基团,因此取代和消去的竞争是卤代烷教学内容的重点和难点。本文介绍我们对这部分教学内容的组织和设计,使学生更好地理解反应底物、进攻试剂和反应条件对优势反应及产物的影响。该教学设计对培养学生的分析能力、思考能力和灵活应用知识的能力具有重要作用。

Instructional Design on the Competition Reactions between Substitution and Elimination of Haloalkanes

In the substitution and elimination reactions of haloalkanes, the attacking reagents are all negatively charged entities or multi-electron groups, so the competition reaction between substitution and elimination of haloalkanes is the key and difficult part of the teaching content. This article introduces the organization and design of this part of teaching contents, so that students can better understand and grasp this part including the influence of reaction substrates, attacking reagents and reaction conditions on dominant reactions and products. The instructional design plays an important role in training students' ability of analysis, thinking and flexible application of knowledge.