酰肼类化合物的羰基化制备及其在智能材料合成中的应用

酰肼类化合物在农药、医药等领域被广泛应用, 使其合成方法的研究备受关注。卤代物和有机肼(或单酰肼)的羰基化反应是制备酰肼类化合物的重要合成路线之一。在由羰基化反应制备酰肼类化合物的过程中，除以CO气体作为典型、廉价易得的羰基源外，CO2、DMC （碳酸二甲酯）、固体羰基配合物等都可以作为替代CO气体的潜在羰基源。本文着重介绍近年来采用不同羰基源、通过羰基化反应制备酰肼类化合物的研究工作，并总结该类化合物在智能材料合成应用中的最新研究进展，最后对合成酰肼类化合物的研究趋势和应用前景进行展望。

Preparation of Acylhydrazines via Carbonylation and Their Applications as Intelligent Materials

The development of synthesis protocols of acylhydrazines has attracted attention because of the wide uses of such compounds in pesticides, medicines, intelligent materials etc. The catalytic carbonylations of halohydrocarbons, organic hydrazines (or N-acylhydrazines) and CO is undoubtedly one of the most ideal methods to afford acylhydrazines. In addition to CO, CO2, DMC (dimethyl carbonate), and solid metal carbonyl also could be used as an CO-surrogate in the synthesis of acylhydrazines via carbonylations. This review summaries the recent research status on the carbonylations of halohydrocarbons and organic hydrazines with the different CO-sources for the synthesis of acylhydrazines, and then introduce the latest applications of such carbonyl compounds as the intelligent materials. Finally, the future research trends of the synthesis methods of acylhydrazines and the application of these compounds are prospected.