Die Entstehung der chemischen Elemente: Vom Urknall zum roten Riesen

The chemical elements hydrogen and helium have been formed in the primordial nucleosynthesis within the first three minutes after the big bang. About 200 million years later, when the first stars appeared, stellar nucleosynthesis starts. Since then the chemical elements beyond Helium are produced: the elements up to iron by thermonuclear fusion processes and the more heavy elements by (n, β)‐reactions in the s‐, r‐ and p‐process.