一维铁磁金属纳米材料的制备、结构调控及其磁性能

一维铁磁金属纳米材料不但具有普通纳米粒子的各种特殊效应，而且具有独特的形状各向异性和磁各向异性，是构筑新型电磁功能材料的重要组元，在高密度磁记录、敏感元器件、电磁波吸收、催化剂、医学和生物功能材料等领域具有重要的应用。本文以一维铁磁金属纳米材料的制备技术为评述线索，重点论述了一维铁磁金属纳米材料的形貌参数（包括直径、长度、长径比），晶面取向等微观结构的调控方法以及结构对磁性能的影响规律，指出发展新型的一维铁磁纳米材料的结构控制方法，研究一维材料的定向排布及组装技术，并从更深层次揭示一维结构与性能的关系以及开发一维铁磁纳米材料在各领域的实际应用是未来研究的主要发展方向。

Preparation, Microstructure Control and Magnetic Properties of 1D Ferromagnetic Metal Nanomaterials

One dimension (1D) ferromagnetic metal nanomaterials have not only distinctive effect of common nanomaterials, but also unique shape and magnetic anisotropy. As the important building blocks of the advanced electromagnetic functional materials, 1D ferromagnetic metal nanomaterials have important applications in some areas such as high-density magnetic memories, sensitive elements, electromagnetic wave absorbing materials, catalyst, medicine and biology etc. In this paper, the microstructure controlling methods about the morphology parameters (including diameter, length and aspect ratio) and crystal plane preferred orientation, and the effect of microstructure on magnetic properties are reviewed in detail in terms of the preparation technology of 1D ferromagnetic metal nanomaterials. As a consequence, the future research in 1D ferromagnetic metal nanomaterials should be focused on the innovative and resultful microstructure controlling methods, preferred orientation and assembly technology, the intrinsical relation between electromagnetic properties and microstructure, and the actual application in electricity and magnetism.