利用Langmuir-Blodgett技术构筑表面微结构的方法*

由于表面纳/微结构在微电子和生物学等领域有着广泛的应用前景,其构筑方法引起了人们越来越多的关注。目前已经发展出了多种表面纳/微结构的构筑方法,然而在大面积上构筑表面结构仍然是一个非常重要的研究课题。自组装技术作为一种无模板的构筑方法,在这方面发挥了重要作用。本文着重介绍了近年来利用Langmuir-Blodgett（LB）技术在表面图案化中的应用。文中介绍了纳/微米级条带结构、岛状结构及纳米线状结构的构筑方法,其中条带结构的形成方向可以平行或垂直LB膜的转移方向。这些结构的构筑不仅可以用传统的两亲性分子,还可以用纳米粒子和纳米线等作为构筑材料。同时简单介绍了以LB技术构筑的表面纳/微米级结构在不同领域中的应用。

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Surface patterning with nano/micro structures is attracting more and more attention due to its potential applications in many fields, such as microelectronics, biology etc. A diversity of different techniques has been used to create functional structures for various applications. Patterning techniques that are capable of patterning large surface areas are attractive for the modification of surface properties. Self-organized surface patterns play in this respect an important role, as no stamps/masters are required to structure surfaces. In this article we report on the surface patterning by means of Langmuir-Blodgett film preparation. By this approach linear patterns, stripe structures and island patterns can be obtained in a well controllable fashion. The orientation of stripe patterns is either parallel or perpendicular with respect to the dipping direction of the substrate during the film transfer. This patterning technique can be applied to structure a wide variety of different materials, ranging from amphiphilic molecules to nanoparticles and nanowires. Examples to fabricate such structures are presented in this comprehensive review.