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取代硫酸、氢氟酸等液体酸催化剂的途径
引用本文:吴越.取代硫酸、氢氟酸等液体酸催化剂的途径[J].化学进展,1998,10(2):158-171.
作者姓名:吴越
作者单位:中国科学院长春应用化学研究所,长春130022
摘    要:高效固体酸催化剂无论对现有工业生产, 还是从环保考虑, 都是十分重要的。特别是对那些使用液体酸诸如H2SO4、HF 和A lCl3 等为催化剂的液相酸工艺。近年来考虑到均相和多相酸催化反应中起决定作用的酸位(中心) 之间的类似性, 根据近代均相酸催化理论, 通过对不同酸位(L 酸、B 酸、超强酸) 本质的分析, 对强酸催化剂提出了一个统一的酸结构模型。以此为依据, 可对一些强酸催化剂进行剪裁。

关 键 词:酸催化  液体酸  固体酸  超强酸  取代

Routes of Substitution for Liquid Acid Catalysts
Wu Yue.Routes of Substitution for Liquid Acid Catalysts[J].Progress in Chemistry,1998,10(2):158-171.
Authors:Wu Yue
Institution:Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
Abstract:Superior solid acid catalysts are needed for existing industrial processes and for environmental considerations, especially for those using conventional liquid acids, i. e.H2SO4, HF,AlCl3 etc. as catalyst s in homogeneou s system s. Recen t ly, by con sidering the similarities between acid sites (cen ters) playing decisive role in both homogeneous and heterogeneous acid catalytic processes, based on the refined theory of homogeneous acid catalysis in liquid phase, and through the analysis of the nature of different kinds of acid sites(Lewis,Bronsted and super acids) , an unique model of acid structure for superior solid acid has been proposed, and thus the tailoring of several different forms of solid acid catalysts might be allowed.
Keywords:cid catalysis  liquid acids  solid acids  superacids  substitution  
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