溶致液晶及其在纳米结构材料合成中的应用

有序纳米结构材料是一类具有广泛应用前景的新材料，在分离、催化、传感器等领域的应用潜力巨大。近年来，利用溶致液晶模板合成纳米结构颗粒和薄膜材料的研究取得了一系列重要进展，包括新纳米结构金属和半导体材料的合成、由过渡金属水合物与表面活性剂构建的新液晶体系、溶致液晶与其它模板结合制备具有多级孔结构的新材料、影响液晶体系及纳米结构材料有序性与稳定性的关键因素、以及纳米结构形成机理等方面的内容。本文就上述几个方面的近期研究成果进行了总结与综述，并展望了利用溶致液晶模板合成纳米结构材料需要进一步深入开展的内容，有助于化学、化学工程和材料科学等领域的相关研究工作。

Lyotropic Liquid Crystals and Their Applications in Synthesis of Nanostructured Materials

Well-defined periodic nanostructured materials are promising candidates with potential applications in separation,catalysis and sensors,etc.In recent years,a series of advancements have been achieved in the synthesis of nanostructured particles and thin films using lyotropic liquid crystalline templating strategies.These advancements include synthesis of novel nanostructured metals and semiconductors,development of new lyotropic liquid crystalline phases formed from transition metal aqua complexes and surfactants,fabrication of new hierarchical porous materials with bi-or tri-modal pore structure by combining lyotropic liquid crystal and other templates,recognition of major factors influencing the ordering and stability of lyotropic liquid crystalline templates and the as-resulted nanomaterials,in-depth understanding of formation mechanism of the nanostructure etc.Recent significant progress in the above respects is summarized,and some challenges in the future are addressed.The provided information in the lyotropic liquid crystalline templating synthesis and applications of nanosturctured materials should be helpful for relevant researches in chemistry,chemical engineering and materials science.