首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
     检索      

表面能与晶体生长/溶解动力学研究的新动向
引用本文:唐睿康.表面能与晶体生长/溶解动力学研究的新动向[J].化学进展,2005,17(2):0-376.
作者姓名:唐睿康
作者单位:纽约州立大学化学系,纽约州布法罗,14260;浙江大学化学系,杭州,310027
摘    要:界面现象使物质在结晶过程中出现了临界现象.但最近的研究指出在物质溶解过程中,在表面能量的控制下也存在着临界现象以及尺寸效应.实验发现,当晶体自身小到一 定的程度时(通常在纳米尺度上并和临界蚀坑的大小相近),在溶解过程中其速度会自发降 低,反应被抑制乃至停止.尽管在热力学上表面能的因素可以赋予小颗粒晶体较大的溶解度 ,但表面能却也能通过对临界条件的控制而使这些微粒在动力学上不被溶解.这个发现不仅 解决了纳米颗粒在水溶液中稳定性的问题,而且还从动力学的角度解释了生物矿物选择纳米 尺度作为其基本构成单元的原因.由于表面能和晶体生长/溶解的动力学有着密切的关系, 我们可以通过对表面能的调节来修改它们的动力学速度和晶体的形貌.反过来,也可以用动力学的方法来测定表面能及表面吸附/脱附常数等.相对于常规的界面研究手段,通过生 长和溶解动力学途径所得的数据有着很好的可靠性及重复性.我们认为,晶体生长和溶解的 动力学和表面能的研究相结合,不仅为界面研究提供了新的思路和方法,而且也会推动晶体生长和材料科学的发展.

关 键 词:界面  表面能  动力学  晶体生长  晶体溶解  临界现象  纳米颗粒
文章编号:1005-281X(2005)02-0368-08
收稿时间:2004-11-01
修稿时间:2004年11月24

Progress in the Studies of Interfacial Energy and Kinetics of Crystal Growth/Dissolution
Tang Ruikang.Progress in the Studies of Interfacial Energy and Kinetics of Crystal Growth/Dissolution[J].Progress in Chemistry,2005,17(2):0-376.
Authors:Tang Ruikang
Institution:Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York,Buffalo,NY 14260;USA Department of Chemistry,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China
Abstract:It is well known that the critical phenomena during crystallization can be attributed to the interfacial behaviors. However, it has been recently revealed that the interfacial energetic controls can also result in similar critical phenomena and size-effects in dissolutions. The experimental results have shown that, when crystallites are sufficiently small (always in nano-scale, fall into the same range as that of critical pit size), their dissolution rates decrease with time and the reactions can be inhibited or even suppressed. Although it is a conclusion of traditional interface studies that the smaller particles may have higher solubilities, these tiny particles can be dynamically stabilized as they can be resistant to dissolution on account of their size-effect. This idea can explain that nano particles can be present stably in their suspensions. It is also interesting to note that the basic building blocks of natural biominerals are generally in the nanometer size range so that they can remain without significant growth/dissolution in biological milieux. It is suggested that the kinetics of crystal growth/dissolution and even crystal morphologies can be modified easily by adjusting the interfacial energy in their systems. Furthermore, the interfacial energies and surface adsorption/desorption affinities can also be determined by using kinetic data of crystal growth/dissolution. In comparison with other traditional methods, this new method can provide much more reliable and repeatable results for the studies of interface. The combination studies of kinetics and interfacial phenomena would not only provide new ideas and methods to enrich our understanding of interface, but also be of great significance for the developments of crystallization and materials science.
Keywords:interface  interfacial free energy  kinetics  crystal growth  crystal dissolution  critical phenomenon  nano particles  
本文献已被 CNKI 维普 万方数据 等数据库收录!
点击此处可从《化学进展》浏览原始摘要信息
点击此处可从《化学进展》下载免费的PDF全文
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号