离子液体的制备及其在酶催化反应中的应用

离子液体，尤其是非水溶性离子液体可以作为一种溶剂或酶的载体用于非水相酶促反应中，也可以用于双相体系中的酶促反应。本文概括性介绍了常见离子液体的制备，总结和讨论了离子液体中酶的活性、稳定性、反应选择性以及各类酶在离子液体中的催化反应行为。离子液体的物性及其与酶的相容性对酶本身及酶促反应都有很大的影响。在非水相酶促反应中，离子液体的极性作用不遵从通常用来判别大多数有机物溶剂行为的规则，比如lgP规则。

Synthesis and Application of Ionic Liquids in Enzymatic Catalysis

Ionic liquids, especially water-insoluble ionic liquids can be served as solvents or enzyme carder in nonaqueous and biphasic enzymatic reactions. The synthesis of ionic liquids is briefly reviewed. Enzyme properties including the activity, stability and selectivity in ionic liquids are discussed. The biocatalytic behavior of different enzymes in ionic liquids is summarized. The physical properties of ionic liquids and the enzymes tolerance to ionic liquids can affect the enzymes themselves and the enzymatic reactions. Ionic liquids do not fit into most of the standard heuristics that chemists traditionally use to assess and predict solvent behavior, for reactions. example the role of solvent lgP in non-aqueous enzymatic reactions.