全氟辛酸和全氟辛烷磺酸人体暴露途径解析及其污染控制技术

全氟辛酸(PFOA)和全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)是人工合成全氟化合物的典型代表。近年来,大量的环境调查数据表明它们普遍存在于多种环境介质、生物体甚至人体中,呈现出全球分布的态势,具有环境持久性和生物富集性,对人体健康存在潜在的危害,已成为一类新的环境持久性有机污染物而引起人们广泛的关注。本文介绍了PFOA和PFOS的环境来源和传输途径,解析了人体暴露的3种主要途径以及在食物、饮用水和空气/灰尘中的污染现状,并就围绕着它们所开展的污染控制技术方面的研究进行了评述。在此基础上,通过分析目前研究中所存在的问题,对今后的发展方向和研究重点进行了展望。

Human Exposure Pathways and Pollution Control Technology of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Perfluorooctanyl Sulfonate (PFOS)

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are typical materials of anthropogenic perfluorinated compounds. Recently, more and more environmental analysis data show that they ubiquitously exit in all kinds of environmental media and even in the body of organism and human beings. They exhibit a trend of global distribution and have been extensively concerned as a new kind of emerging environmental pollutants for their environmentally persistent and bioaccumulable nature and imposing the potential hazards on human health. This paper focuses mainly on their environmental sources and transport mode, three important exposure pathways for human, pollution level in food, drinking water and air/dust and related pollution control technology. Finally, the potential developing and future research trends in this field are prospected. Contents
1 Introduction
2 Environmental source and transmission
3 Human exposure pathways and pollution level
4 Control technologies
4.1 Separation
4.2 Chemical degradation
5 Conclusion