三维光子晶体的制备

三维光子晶体作为一种光子带隙材料在光学器件、化学生物传感以及信息传输和存储等方面具有广泛的潜在应用价值。自1987年三维光子晶体的概念被提出以来，科学家们一直致力于在实验室用不同的手段合成不同材料和不同结构的光子晶体。本文综述了近年来出现的一些三维光子晶体制备方法，大致分为3类：“自上而下法”（top-down method）、“自下而上法”（bottom-up method）和模板辅助法（template-assisted method），并详细阐述了每种方法的代表性工作、适用范围以及各自的优缺点。

Preparation of 3D Photonic Crystals

Three-dimensional photonic crystals, also known as band gap materials, have broad potential applications in the area of optical devices, biochemical sensors, information transmission and storage, etc. Since the concept of 3D photonic crystals was first proposed in 1987, scientists devoted themselves to the preparation of 3D photonic crystals with different materials and different topologies in various methods. In this article, various methods reported in recent years are reviewed and divided into three types, “top-down method”, “bottom-up method” and “template-assisted method”. Every method is given representative examples, and evaluated its excellence, shortcoming and applicable scope.