单分散磁性纳米粒子靶向药物载体

本文综述了单分散磁性氧化铁纳米粒子的主要制备方法、表面修饰以及在生物医学靶向药物方面的应用研究进展。金属有机前驱体高温热分解法、溶剂热合成法和LSS（liquid-solid-solution）法是目前制备高质量单分散磁性纳米粒子比较有效的手段。通过表面修饰制备出的具有良好水溶性、生物相容性和活性功能基团的磁靶向药物载体将可能实现定位蓄积、高效载药、控制释药和可生物降解等靶向治疗癌症的目的。开发出具有荧光检测、主动靶向识别、高效载药、智能控药释放、无毒副作用和生物相容性于一体的多功能靶向药物载体将是其发展趋势。

Monodisperse Magnetic Nanoparticle Carriers for Targeting Drug

The progress of preparation method and surface modification of monodisperse magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, as well as their application in the magnetic targeted drug are reviewed. The synthetic methods such as thermal decomposition of organometallic precursors, solvothermal, and LSS(liquid-solid-solution) methods are comparatively effective means to prepare monodisperse magnetic nanoparticles of high quality. The magnetic drug-targeting carriers with good water-solubility, biology compatibility, and active functional groups are fabricated by surface modification technique. They would attain site-specific accumulation, effective drug-loading, controllable drug-releasing, biodegradablity to fulfill the requirment of targeted drug for cancer. Development of the multifunctional drug-targeting carrier with fluorescent detectabilty, active recognition-targeting, effective drug-loading, smart controlled drug release, no side-effect, and biology compatibility will be a tendency in the future. Contents
1 Introduction
2 Preparation of monodisperse magnetic nanoparticles
2.1 Formation mechanisms of monodisperse nanoparticles
2.2 Preparation methods
3 Surface modification of magnetic nanoparticles
3.1 Monodispersion and stability
3.2 Water-solubility and biocompatibility
3.3 Biological active groups
4 Magnetic drug-targeting carriers
4.1 Magnetic field guiding acting force
4.2 Composition of magnetic drug-targeting carriers
4.3 Magnetic drug microsphere and magnetic liposome carriers
4.4 Monodisperse magnetic nanoparticle carriers
5 Prospect