超临界二氧化碳中含氟聚合物的合成*

超临界二氧化碳是廉价、低毒、不易燃、易回收、环境友好的惰性聚合介质，是传统有机溶剂的替代品。尤其是有望成为含氟单体的聚合溶剂，以替代目前使用的氟氯烃。本文详细地介绍了近年来以超临界二氧化碳为介质的氟烷基丙烯酸酯类单体和氟烯烃类单体的聚合反应研究,其中涉及氟烷基丙烯酸酯类单体的均聚和共聚，可熔融加工的四氟乙烯聚合物，离子交换树脂，偏氟乙烯的均聚和共聚合等。研究表明在超临界二氧化碳中的含氟单体的聚合反应有其它溶剂体系无法比拟的优点。

Synthesis of Fluoropolymers in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Supercritical carbon dioxide is an inexpensive,low-toxic,non-flammable,easily recycled,environmentally benign and inert polymerization medium,which can be used as a polymerization solvent instead of conventional organic solvents.Especially,it is a potential alternative to fluorinated and chlorinated solvents for polymerization of fluorine-containing monomers.In this paper,the polymerization of fluoroalkyl acrylate and fluoroolefins in supercritical carbon dioxide are reviewed in detail,including homopolymerization and copolymerization of fluoroalkyl acrylates,synthesis of melt-processable tetrafluoroethylene polymers,ion-exchange resins and polyvinylidene fluoride etc.The results show that polymerizations of fluorinated monomers in supercritical carbon dioxide have some advantages over other solvent systems.