界面钝化策略:提高钙钛矿太阳能电池的稳定性

近年来,新兴起的有机无机杂化钙钛矿太阳能电池突飞猛进,在短短十年里其光电转化效率从3.8%迅速发展到目前25.2%的认证效率,被视为最具有应用潜力的新型高效率太阳能电池之一。虽然钙钛矿太阳能电池具有很高的光电转换效率已与多晶硅薄膜电池相媲美,但是电池的长期稳定性仍是阻碍其商业化的一大挑战。钙钛矿表面和晶界存在大量的缺陷,界面钝化来提高钙钛矿太阳能电池的稳定性是非常重要且有效的策略。二维钙钛矿材料是有机胺层与无机层交替的层状钙钛矿,具有体积较大的有机铵阳离子,与传统的三维钙钛矿材料相比对于环境的稳定性较好,并且结构灵活可调,在三维钙钛矿表面修饰二维钙钛矿层钝化缺陷,在提高钙钛矿太阳能电池效率的同时又保证了稳定性,另外,合适的钝化剂分子也能够非常有效地钝化缺陷。本文总结了钙钛矿太阳能电池的不稳定因素,归纳了钙钛矿太阳能电池界面钝化方面的研究进展,指出了二维钙钛矿材料发展的巨大潜力以及寻找合适钝化剂分子的原则,期望能够为获得高性能的钙钛矿太阳能电池进而实现商业化提供有益的指导。

Interface Passivation Strategy:Improving the Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells

In recent years,the emerging organic and inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells have made rapid progress.In just ten years,its photoelectric conversion efficiency has rapidly developed from 3.8% to the current certified efficiency of 25.2%,which is regarded as one of the most potential solar cells.Although perovskite solar cells have high photoelectric conversion efficiency comparable to poly silicon thin film cells,the long-term stability of the cells remains a major challenge hindering their commercialization.There are many defects on the surface and grain boundary of perovskite.Interface passivation is an important and effective strategy to improve the stability of perovskite solar cells.Two-dimensional perovskite materials are organic amine and inorganic layer alternate layered perovskite,with bulky organic ammonium cations.Compared with the traditional threedimensional perovskite materials,the stability for the environment is good,with the flexible and adjustable structure.The 3 D perovskite’ s surface is modified by a two-dimensional perovskite to passivate defects,ensuring the stability and at the same time improving the efficiency of perovskite solar cells.In addition,suitable passivation agent molecules can also passivate defects effectively.This paper reviews the unstable factors of perovskite solar cells,summarizes the research progress in interface passivation of perovskite solar cell,points out the great potential of two-dimensional perovskite materials’ development and the principle of finding suitable passivation agent molecules,which is expected to provide useful guidance for obtaining high-performance perovskite solar cells and realizing commercialization.