巴豆醛气相选择性加氢催化剂

巴豆醛是α,β-不饱和醛中最具代表性的一类有机化合物,采用气相催化巴豆醛选择加氢制备巴豆醇符合原子经济和绿色化学要求,具有重要的工业应用和学术价值。本文综述了近十年国内外巴豆醛气相选择性加氢合成巴豆醇的负载型催化剂的研究成果,评述了贵金属催化剂(铂、金、铱、银、钯)和非贵金属催化剂(钴、铜)上巴豆醛选择性加氢性能,分析了活性组分、载体、助剂以及活性组分粒径对催化剂性能的影响,探讨了巴豆醛选择性加氢的反应机理和失活机理。最后,对气相巴豆醛选择性加氢催化剂所存在的问题进行总结,并对催化剂的发展趋势作出了展望。指出了非贵金属催化剂的巴豆醛选择性加氢性能因具有价廉易得等优势,将是该领域的研究方向之一。催化剂失活是巴豆醛气相选择性加氢工业化的最大障碍,因此研究和认识反应机理,解决催化剂失活问题是重点研究方向。

Catalysts for Vapor-Phase Selective Hydrogenation of Crotonaldehyde to Crotyl Alcohol

The vapor-phase selective hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde,a classical α,β-unsaturated aldehyde,to crotyl alcohol over heterogeneous catalysts is an appealing green process of great importance from both industrial and academic points of view.This paper reviews the latest progresses of the heterogeneous catalysts for selective hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde to crotyl alcohol in the past ten years.Noble metal catalysts such as platinum,silver,gold and iridium and non-noble metal catalysts such as cobalt and copper employed for selective hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde are summarized.The parameters influencing the catalytic behaviors of the catalyst system such as active sites,metal particle size,support type,promoters are discussed.Also,catalyst deactivation and reaction mechanism are investigated.Finally,the current problems of the vapor-phase selective hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde are summarized and development trend of catalyst systems for this reaction is proposed.It is pointed out that the vapor-phase selective hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde over non-noble metal catalysts will be a main research direction because its much lower cost compared to the noble metal catalysts.As the catalyst deactivation is the main obstacle for this reaction,the research should be focused on the understanding of the reaction and deactivation mechanism.