一维金属/半导体异质结纳米材料的制备及性能研究*

一维金属/半导体异质结纳米材料因其新颖的结构、独特的光电特性和在纳电子领域应用的巨大优势和潜力而受到广泛的关注和重视。本文基于国内外最新研究进展及本课题组的研究工作，系统综述了近年来逐步建立起来的一维金属/半导体异质结纳米材料的制备方法及其性能研究。着重介绍了化学气相沉积法、热蒸发沉积法、模板法、自组装法和液相法等几种比较重要的制备方法，并分析了它们的优缺点；详细分析了此类纳米材料库伦阻塞效应、肖特基二极管现象、欧姆接触特性、电致发光特性等性能的特点。文章最后指出液相法能有效获得高质量和技术可用的一维金属/半导体异质结纳米材料，使用该法进行制备和性能研究将成为此类纳米材料的未来发展方向。

Synthesis and Property of One-Dimensional Metal/Semiconductor Heterojunction Nanomaterials

One-dimensional metal/semiconductor heterojunction nanomaterials have been tremendously concerned because of their novel structures, unique electrical and optical properties, and central roles in fabricating electronic nanodevices. In this paper, the recent progress in synthesis and property study of metal/semiconductor heterojunction nanomaterials has been systematically reviewed based on the latest literatures and our works. Some important synthetic methods such as chemical vapor deposition method, thermal evaporation deposition method, template method, self-assembly method, and solution-phase method are introduced, and their advantages and disadvantages of the heterojunction nanomaterials are analyzed. The properties of the metal/semiconductor nanomaterials such as Coulomb blockade effect, Schottky diode behaviour, Ohmic contact property, and eletroluminescence property are analyzed in detail. It is pointed out that solution-phase method to effectively prepare the high-quality metal/semiconductor nanaomaterials is indicated as the dominant orientation of future development on the preparation and property study of the heterojunction nanomaterials. Contents
1 Synthetic methods of one-dimensional metal/semiconductor heterojunction nanomaterials
1.1 Chemical vapor deposition method
1.2 Thermal evaporation deposition method
1.3 Template method
1.4 Self-assembly method
1.5 Solution-phase method
2 Property study of one-dimensional metal/semiconductor heterojunction nanomaterials
2.1 Coulomb blockade effect
2.2 Schottky diode behaviour
2.3 Ohmic contact property
2.4 Electroluminescence property
3 Conclusions and prospect