Insecticidal Activity and Free Radical Scavenging Properties of Isolated Phytoconstituents from the Saudi Plant Nuxia oppositifolia (Hochst.) |
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| Authors: | Shaza M Al-Massarani Ali A El-Gamal Adnan J Al-Rehaily Ebtesam S Al-Sheddi Mai M Al-Oqail Nida N Farshori Alden S Estep Nurhayat Tabanca James J Becnel |
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| Institution: | 1.Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.E.-G.); (A.J.A.-R.); (E.S.A.-S.); (M.M.A.-O.); (N.N.F.);2.Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura 35516, Egypt;3.USDA, ARS, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; (A.S.E.); (J.J.B.);4.USDA-ARS, Subtropical Horticulture Research Station, 13601 Old Cutler Rd., Miami, FL 33158, USA; |
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| Abstract: | Chromatographic purification of the alcoholic extract from the aerial parts of the Saudi plant Nuxia oppositifolia (Hochst.), Benth., resulted in five isolated phenolic compounds. Two flavones, hispidulin (1) and jaceosidin (2), and the phenylethanoid glycosides, verbascoside (3), isoverbascoside (4), and conandroside (5), were identified and their chemical structures were determined by spectroscopic analyses. The insecticidal activity of compounds 1 and 2, in addition to 11 compounds isolated in a previous research (6–16), was evaluated against the Yellow Fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Four compounds displayed adulticidal activity with LD50 values of 2–2.3 μg/mosquito. Free radical scavenging properties of the plant extracts and compounds (1–5) were evaluated by measuring the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate radical cation (ABTS•+) scavenging activity. All compounds exhibited notable activity, compared with the positive control, l-Ascorbic acid. This study suggests that N. oppositifolia could be a promising source of secondary metabolites, some with lethal adulticidal effect against Ae. aegypti. |
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| Keywords: | Nuxia oppositifolia flavonoids phenylethanoid triterpenes mosquito control biopesticides Aedes aegypti free radical scavenging DPPH ABTS |
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