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Microbial Application to Improve Olive Mill Wastewater Phenolic Extracts
Authors:Flora V Romeo  Gina Granuzzo  Paola Foti  Gabriele Ballistreri  Cinzia Caggia  Paolo Rapisarda
Institution:1.Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, 95024 Acireale, Italy; (G.G.); (G.B.); (P.R.);2.Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (P.F.); (C.C.)
Abstract:Olive mill wastewater (OMW) contains valuable and interesting bioactive compounds, among which is hydroxytyrosol, which is characterized by a remarkable antioxidant activity. Due to the health claims related to olive polyphenols, the aim of this study was to obtain an extract from OMW with an increased level of hydroxytyrosol by means of microbial enzymatic activity. For this purpose, four commercial adsorbent resins were selected and tested. The beta-glucosidase and esterase activity of strains of Wickerhamomyces anomalus, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were also investigated and compared to those of a commercial enzyme and an Aspergillus niger strain. The W. anomalus strain showed the best enzymatic performances. The SP207 resin showed the best efficiency in selective recovery of hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, oleuropein, and total phenols. The bioconversion test of the OMW extract was assessed by using both culture broths and pellets of the tested strains. The results demonstrated that the pellets of W. anomalus and L. plantarum were the most effective in hydroxytyrosol increasing in phenolic extract. The interesting results suggest the possibility to study new formulations of OMW phenolic extracts with multifunctional microorganisms.
Keywords:adsorbent resins  beta-glucosidase  esterase  hydroxytyrosol  Lactiplantibacillus plantarum  oleuropein  tyrosol  Wickerhamomyces anomalus
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