Enhanced biotransformation of furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural by newly developed ethanologenic yeast strains |
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Authors: | Z Lewis Liu Patricia J Slininger Steve W Gorsich |
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Institution: | (1) National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA-ARS, 1815 North University Street, 61604 Peoria, IL |
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Abstract: | Furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) are representative inhibitors among many inhibitive compounds derived from biomass
degradation and saccharification for bioethanol fermentation. Most yeasts, including industrial strains, are susceptible to
these inhibitory compounds, especially when multiple inhibitors are present. Additional detoxification steps add cost and
complexity to the process and generate additional waste products. To promote efficient bioethanol production, we studied the
mechanisms of stress tolerance, particularly to fermentation inhibitors such as furfural and HMF. We recently reported a metabolite
of 2,5-bis-hydroxymethylfuran as a conversion product of HMF and characterized a dose-dependent response of ethanologenic
yeasts to inhibitors. In this study, we present newly adapted strains that demonstrated higher levels of tolerance to furfural
and HMF. Saccharomyces cerevisiae 307-12H60 and 307-12H120 and Pichia stipitis 307 10H60 showed enhanced biotransformation ability to reduce HMF to 2,5-bis-hydroxymethylfuran at 30 and 60 mM, and S. cerevisiae 307-12-F40 converted furfural into furfuryl alcohol at significantly higher rates compared to the parental strains. Strains
of S. cerevisiae converted 100% of HMF at 60 mM and S. cerevisiae 307-12-F40 converted 100% of furfural into furfuryl alcohol at 30 mM. The results of this study suggest a possible in situ detoxification of the inhibitors by using more inhibitor-tolerant yeast strains for bioethanol fermentation. The development
of such tolerant strains provided a basis and useful materials for further studies on the mechanisms of stress tolerance. |
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Keywords: | Hydroxymethylfurfural 2 5-bis-hydroxymethylfuran biotransformation furfural furfuryl alcohol |
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