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Synthesis,Characterization and Evaluation of the Antibacterial and Antitumor Activity of HalogenatedSalen Copper (II) Complexes derived from Camphoric Acid |
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| Authors: | Ana Salomé Pires João Batista Dina Murtinho Célia Nogueira Anna Karamysheva M Luísa Ramos Bruce F Milne Nuno Tiago Tavares José Gonçalves Ana Cristina Gonçalves Ana Margarida Abrantes Rui Soares Teresa Gonçalves Maria Filomena Botelho M Elisa Silva Serra |
| Institution: | 1. Biophysics Institute, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
CNC.IBILI Consortium/Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;2. Biophysics Institute, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal Centro de Química, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal;3. Centro de Química, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal;4. CNC - Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal;5. Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal;6. CFisUC, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group and ETSF Scientific Development Centre, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain;7. Biophysics Institute, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;8. Biophysics Institute, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal CNC.IBILI Consortium/Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology and University Clinic of Hematology/Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;9. Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal Department of Clinical Pathology Service, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Coimbra Francisco Gentil EPE, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal |
| Abstract: | Platinum metal complexes are the most common chemotherapeutics currently used in cancer treatment. However, the frequent adverse effects, as well as acquired resistance by tumor cells, urge the development of effective alternatives. In the recent past, copper complexes with Schiff base ligands have emerged as good alternatives, showing interesting results. Accordingly, and in continuation of previous studies in this area, three new camphoric acid-derived halogenated salen ligands and their corresponding Cu (II) complexes were synthesized and their antitumor activity was evaluated in order to determine the influence of the type and number of halogens present (Br, Cl). The in vitro cytotoxic activity was screened against colorectal WiDr and LS1034 and against breast MCF-7 and HCC1806 cancer cell lines. The results proved the halogenated complexes to be very efficient, the tetrachlorinated Cu (II) complex being the most promising, presenting IC50 of 0.63–1.09 μM for the cell lines studied. The complex also shows selectivity to colorectal cancer cells compared to non-tumor colon cells. It is worth highlighting that the tetrachlorinated Cu (II) complex, our most efficient complex, shows a significantly more powerful antitumor effect than the reference drugs currently used in conventional chemotherapy. The halogenated salen and corresponding complexes were also screened for their antimicrobial activity against four bacterial species-Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa-and four fungal species-Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Aspergillus fumigatus and Alternaria alternata. The compounds were found to exhibit moderate to strong antibacterial activity against the bacterial strains studied. NMR studies and theoretical calculations provided some insight into the structure of the ligands and copper complexes. Considering the results presented herein, our work validates the potential use of copper-based chemotherapeutics as alternatives for cancer treatment. |
| Keywords: | copper salens cytotoxic activity antimicrobial activity NMR studies ligand geometry optimization |