废弃线路板化学分析采样、制样及检测方法

介绍废弃线路板中有回收价值元素和有害物质分析的采样、制样及检测技术。样品经过分类采样、剪切破碎和高温灰化制样,采用样品全分析或副批混合样分析。通过提高称样量、多次测定求平均值的办法,火试金富集-重量法测定贵金属金、银。湿法王水溶解样品,碘量法测定主体元素铜。电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定其它杂质元素,被测元素质量浓度在0~10μg/mL范围内与光谱强度呈良好线性关系,相关系数均大于0.9998。测定结果的相对标准偏差小于10%(n=5),加标回收率为97.0%~102.5%。该方法简单、快速,有效地解决了线路板样品不均匀而难采样,以及硬度、韧性强制样难,金属易包裹难分解的技术瓶颈,测定结果准确,具有代表性。该方法适用于废弃线路板化学成分分析,其它废弃电子产品检测可参考此方法。

Sampling,sample preparation and testing methods for chemical analysis of discarded circuit boards

Sampling,sample preparation and testing technique for the detection of valuable elements and hazardous substances in discarded circuit boards were established.Samples which were subjected to classified sampling,shear crushing and high-temperature ashing were analyzed by using sample full analysis or classification of sub-batch mixed sample analysis.By increasing the weight of the sample and measuring the average value through several times,precious metal gold,silver were determined by fire assay-gravimetric method.Samples were dissolved by aqua regia,main content of copper was determined by iodimetry method.Other elements were determined by ICP-AES method,there was a good linear relationship between the mass concentration and the spectral intensity in the range of 0-10μg/mL,and the correlation coefficient was more than 0.9998.The relative standard deviation of determination results was less than 10%(n=5),and the recovery was 97.0%-102.5%.The method is simple,rapid and sensitive,which is solving problems of sampling difficulty,sample preparation difficulty and decomposition difficulty.Test results obtained by this method are accurate and representative.The method is suitable for chemical composition analysis of discarded circuit boards,and can be referred to the detection of other discarded electronic products.