桃中农药残留分析及膳食暴露评估研究

为明确并量化食用桃途径的农药膳食摄入风险水平,通过对19个桃主产区采集的98份样品进行农药残留检测,对桃中的农药残留急/慢性膳食摄入风险进行评估,并借鉴英国兽药残留委员会兽药残留风险排序矩阵进行农药和样品风险排序。结果在桃中检出了38种农药残留,98个样品的检出率为95.9%,检出的农药含量为0.007 4～3.399 3 mg/kg;检出农药的慢性膳食摄入风险(%ADI)和急性膳食摄入风险(%ARfD)的平均值分别为0.89%和11.09%,风险均低于100%,不会对人体产生慢性或急性风险;风险排序结果表明桃果品中氟虫腈、硫丹、灭多威、丁硫克百威、毒死蜱、联苯菊酯为6种为高风险农药,应在生产和质量安全监管中予以重点关注。该文为桃安全消费、农药残留监管和农药最大残留限量(MRLs)制修订提供了科学依据。

Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Peaches and Their Dietary Exposure Risk Assessments

In order to systemically make sure and quantify the diefary intake of pesticide residues in peaches,98 peach samples from 19 main producing areas in China were detected.Chronic or acute dietary intake risk of pesticide residues in these samples were assessed by ADI and ARfD,respectively,and the Matrix Ranking developed by the Veterinary Residues Committee of the United Kingdom was referred to rank the risk of pesticides and peach samples.Results showed that 38 pesticides in 98 peach samples were detected with a detection rate of 95.9% and pesticides contents of 0.007 4-3.399 3 mg/kg.Only 4 peach samples contained residues above the MRLs.For 38 pesticides with detectable residues,their %ADI and %ARfD averages were 0.89% and 11.9%,respectively,far below 100%,indicating that there existed very little risk for these pesticide residues in peaches to human health.The pesticides in peach samples ranked by risk index showed that fipronil,endosulfan,methomyl,carbosulfan,chlorpyrifos and bifenthrin had high pesticide residue risk which should be focused on in the production and the quality and safety supervision.This study provides a scientific basis for peach consumption,peach pesticide residue supervision and establishment of maximum residue limits(MRLs) for pesticides in peach.