现场侦检装备在应对化学威胁中的应用与发展

近年来,国内外不断发生的化学恐怖袭击和化学事故仍然是当今人类生存、国家安全所面临的重大威胁。化学侦检是防化应急处置与救援的眼睛,熟练掌握和正确使用侦检装备是应对化学威胁、降低损失和伤亡的关键因素。基于化学传感等技术的侦检装备具有响应快速、智能便携的特点,并且在远程监测和实时值守等方面具有优势。该文针对涵盖电化学传感器、质量敏感型传感器、红外传感器、拉曼传感器、离子迁移谱仪、火焰光度检测器、光致电离检测器、远程遥测传感装备等在内的现场侦检装备,从原理、性能、优势和不足等方面进行了概述,重点阐述了侦检装备在应对化学威胁方面的最新进展,并对其发展趋势、应用前景进行了展望,以期为化学侦检装备在应对化学威胁中的深入研究与应用提供参考。

ReviewsApplication and Development of On site Detection Equipment in Response to Chemical Threats

In recent years,chemical terrorist attacks and chemical accidents that have occurred continuously at home and abroad are still a major threat to human survival and national security.Chemical detection is the eye for chemical emergency disposal and rescue.Skillful mastery and proper use of detection equipment are the key factors in dealing with chemical threats and reducing losses and casualties.The detection equipments based on chemical sensing and other techniques possess the characteristics of fast response,intelligence and portability,and have the advantages of remote monitoring and real time duty.In this paper,the principles,performance,advantages and disadvantages of the on site detection equipments including electrochemical sensor,mass sensitive sensor,infrared sensor,Raman sensor,ion mobility spectrometry detector,flame photometric detector,photo ionization detector and remote telemetry sensing equipment are summarized.Specifically,the latest progress of detection equipments dealing with chemical threats is mainly described.The development trend and application prospects of chemical sensing equipments are prospected,which will provide a reference for the further research and application of chemical detection equipments in response to chemical threats.