矿物元素指纹图谱的建立及在西洋参产地鉴别中的应用研究

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定了山东、吉林、美国和加拿大4个产地西洋参中50种矿物元素的含量,研究了不同产地西洋参矿物元素的差别和转换系数,构建了西洋参的矿物元素指纹图谱。以各产地矿物元素含量的平均值构建了山东、吉林、美国和加拿大产西洋参的矿物元素标准指纹图谱。采用SPSS 20.0计算了各西洋参矿物元素指纹图谱与其矿物元素标准指纹图谱的相似度,确定了山东、吉林、美国和加拿大产西洋参矿物元素指纹图谱的相似度阈值分别为0.93、0.91、0.98和0.93。通过比较未知产地西洋参矿物元素指纹图谱与矿物元素标准指纹图谱的相似度,进行西洋参的产地判别。采用20批未知产地西洋参样品验证模型的准确性,正确率为85%。此外,研究表明,不同生长年限和不同部位西洋参样品对所建立的西洋参产地鉴别方法无影响。

Establishment of Mineral Element Fingerprints and Their Application in Identification on Geographical Origin of American Ginseng

An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)was applied to the detection of concentrations of 50 mineral elements in American ginseng originated from Shandong(China),Jilin(China),USA and Canada.The mineral element compositions in American ginseng from different places were compared to decide the reduction factors,and then the mineral element fingerprints were constructed by transferring element compositions into graphs.In addition,the standard element fingerprints were established by using the average concentrations of each mineral element in American ginseng from Shandong(China),Jilin(China),USA and Canada,respectively.The similarity degrees between the mineral element fingerprints and the standard element fingerprints of the American ginseng samples from different regions were calculated with SPSS 20.0 Software.The thresholds of the similarity degrees were 0.93,0.91,0.98 and 0.93 for American ginseng from Shandong(China),Jilin(China),USA and Canada,respectively.To identify the geographical origin of an unknown American ginseng,it need calculate the similarity degree between the mineral element fingerprint of the unknown American ginseng and the standard element fingerprints,if the similarity degree is higher than the threshold of the similarity degree of American ginseng of a certain geographical origin,the unknown American ginseng belongs to the origin.20 batches of unknown American ginseng were used to verify this method with an accuracy of 85%.Furtherfore,the different ages and parts of American ginseng had no impact on the presented method.