基于气相离子迁移谱研究肺隐球病患者呼出气中特征挥发性有机物

该文采用气相色谱离子迁移谱(GC-IMS)对81例受试者呼出气样品进行了检测,包括临床确诊的20例肺隐球菌病患者,以及28例临床确诊的肺曲霉病患者和33例健康个体的对照样品,单个样品分析仅需10 min。结果显示,所有呼气样品中共检出19种挥发性有机物(VOCs)。通过主成分(PCA)分析发现,肺隐球病患者呼气中VOCs与健康对照组差异显著,但与肺曲霉病患者呼气中VOCs差异不显著。正交偏最小二乘判别模型(OPLS-DA)分析显示,与健康人群相比,肺隐球菌病患者呼气中特征VOCs为2-甲基-1-丙醛、异丙苯、2-戊酮、4-甲基-2-戊酮、丁醛和己醛;肺曲霉病患者的呼气特征VOCs为2-丁酮、2-戊酮、异丙苯、2-甲基-1-丙醛、4-甲基-2-戊酮和3-戊酮。此外,2种肺部感染患者呼气中特征性VOCs均包括2-甲基-1-丙醛、异丙苯、4-甲基-2-戊酮和2-戊酮,这表明丁醛和己醛在肺隐球菌病患者呼气中特异性略强,而2-丁酮和3-戊酮在肺曲霉病患者呼气中特异性更好。综上,采用GC-IMS可快速检出肺隐球病患者呼气中的VOCs,可用于后续数百例甚至数千例大样本分析,为更客观地评价呼气用于肺部真菌感染诊断的可行性提供必要的基础数据。

Investigation on Characteristic VOCs in Exhaled Breath of Patients Suffering Pulmonary Cryptococcal Disease by Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry

In this paper,a gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry(GC-IMS) was developed for the detection of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in 81 subjects,including 20 patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis,28 patients with pulmonary aspergillosis as patient controls and 33 healthy controls.Analysis of a single sample took only 10 minutes.A total of 19 VOCs were detected.By principal component analysis(PCA),it was found that there was a clear distinction between the exhaled VOCs of patients with pulmonary cryptococcal disease and those of healthy controls,while the difference between the exhaled VOCs of pulmonary cryptococcal patients and that of pulmonary aspergillosis patients was not so significant.Furthermore,the potential characteristic VOCs for patients with pulmonary cryptococcal disease screened by OPLS-DA(orthogona partial least squares-discrimination analysis) model included 2-methyl-1-propanal,isopropyl benzene,2-pentanone,4-methyl-2-pentanone,butanal and hexanal,while those for pulmonary aspergillosis patients were 2-butanone,2-pentanone,isopropyl benzene,2-methyl-1-propanal,4-methyl-2-pentanone and 3-pentanone.Therefore,it could be found that the characteristic VOCs of patients with pulmonary cryptococcal and pulmonary aspergillosis diseases both included 2-methyl-1-propanal,isopropyl benzene,2-pentanone and 4-methyl-2-pentanone.It can be concluded that butanal and hexanal were more specific in pulmonary cryptococcal patients,while 2-butanone and 3-pentanone were more specific in pulmonary aspergillosis patients.In summary,the GC-IMS method was rapid in the analysis of exhaled VOCs of pulmonary cryptococcal patients,and it could be used in the analysis for hundreds or even thousands of samples,providing the necessary basic data for objective evaluation on the feasibility of pulmonary cryptococcal diagnosis.