Contributions of quantum chemistry to the development of ring opening polymerizations and chemical recycling

Quantum chemistry has increasingly become an integral component for the development of homogeneous catalytic processes to form polymers and to break them down. This review examines how quantum chemistry has been utilized to gain insights on mechanisms and selectivities in polymerization and depolymerization reactions by homogeneous catalysts, from some of the earliest uses of theory to the most recent efforts. Key aspects of catalysis by transition-metal catalysts, organocatalytic bases and organic acids will be highlighted.