Current applications and future trends of molecular diagnostics in clinical bacteriology |
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Authors: | Jan Weile Cornelius Knabbe |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics, Robert-Bosch-Hospital, Auerbachstrasse 110, 70376 Stuttgart, Germany;(2) Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, 70376 Stuttgart, Germany |
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Abstract: | Molecular diagnostics of infectious diseases, in particular, nucleic-acid-based methods, are the fastest growing field in
clinical laboratory diagnostics. These applications are stepwise replacing or complementing culture-based, biochemical, and
immunological assays in microbiology laboratories. The first-generation nucleic acid assays were monoparametric such as conventional
tests, determining only a single parameter. Improvements and new approaches in technology now open the possibility for the
development of multiparameter assays using microarrays, multiplex nucleic acid amplification techniques, or mass spectrometry,
while the introduction of closed-tube systems has resulted in rapid microbial diagnostics with a subsequently reduced contamination
risk. Whereas the first assays were focused on the detection and identification of microbial pathogens, these new technologies
paved the way for the parallel determination of multiple antibiotic resistance determinants or to perform microbial epidemiology
and surveillance on a genetic level. |
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Keywords: | Molecular diagnostics Real-time PCR Nucleic acid amplification technique Microarray Sequencing Mass spectrometry Antibiotic resistance |
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