铀床氚残留量的测量

分别采用直接测量法、同位素交换法和溶解法测量铀床中的氚残留量, 并分析了这三种测量方法在本实验条件下的误差. 直接测量法测量铀床的氚残留量的结果如下: 铀床的氚残留量为2.68%, 即每克铀含(0.0308±0.0003) mmol 氚气; 当压力读数在1500～133332 Pa之间时, 基于理想气体状态方程的测量方法(简称PVT法)的标准差小于0.95%. 同位素交换法测量铀床氚的结果如下: 加热充分解吸过的铀床经多次同位素交换后, 其交换效率仅为2.84%, 即不到3%(摩尔分数)的氚被氘气载带出来, 其同位素交换法测量的标准差为7.35%. 溶解法能够彻底地测量铀床中残留的氚, 其溶解法测量的标准差为6.49%.

Measurement of Tritium Residual in Uranium Bed

The amount of tritium residual in uranium bed was measured by methods of direct measurement, isotope exchange and dissolution.The standard deviation of the three methods was analysed under the present experimental condition,respectively.Results showed that the amount of tritium residual in the glass uranium was 2.68%,namely there was (0.0308 0.0003) mmol tritium per gram uranium.The standard de- viation of PVT measurement method based on the state equation of the ideal gas was less than 0.95%,when the pressure was between 1500 and 133332 Pa.The efficiency of isotope exchange was only 2.84%,namely, the amount of less than 3% (molar fraction) tritium was exchanged out of the glass uranium bed by deuterium,and after isotope exchange proceeded time after time,its standard deviation was 7.35%.Dissolu- tion method could measure tritium in the uranium bed completely,and its standard deviation was 6.49%.