界面法合成聚糠醛纳米球

采用界面自组装聚合的方法, 成功地制备出聚糠醛纳米球, 利用TEM, FT-IR, XRD, GPC及TG-DTA等技术对其形貌、结构等进行了表征, 并考查了单体浓度、催化剂用量以及乳化剂的存在与否对聚糠醛形貌等的影响. 结果表明, 由该方法合成的聚糠醛为不规则的结晶结构, 当乳化剂浓度在临界胶束浓度cmc附近、单体浓度在3～5 mol?L^－1、催化剂的用量在10 mol?L^－1左右时, 能够得到成球性好、粒径分布范围窄、平均尺寸在100 nm左右的聚糠醛纳米球结构材料. 利用该法在上述优化条件下合成的聚糠醛的M_w＝2451, M_w/M_n＝1.14, 且分子量分布窄. 聚糠醛分子链的柔韧性较强, 具有很好的加工性能. 该法具有合成条件温和、易于控制、纯化简单等众多优点, 而且省去了使用模板/消除模板的过程, 能够一步合成出大量聚糠醛纳米球.

Preparation of Polyfurfural Nanospheres by Interfacial Polymerization

Polyfurfural (PF) nanospheres have been successfully synthesized by interfacial polymerization (IP). TEM, FT-IR, GPC, XRD and TG-DTA are used to characterize the nanospheres with regard to their morphologies and structures. The effects of the concentrations of monomer, catalyst and emulsifier on the polymer nanosphere are investigated. The results show that PF has the irregular crystalline structure and the distribution of the nanospheres size is narrow and uniform with the diameter 100 nm when emulsifier concentration is round critical micellization concentration, monomer concentration 3～5 mol/L and catalyst concentration around 10 mol/L. At the optimum conditions, with M_w＝2451 and the narrow molecular weight distribution, PF nanosphere material has been obtained. PF has a very good flexibility which entrust the processibility to the polymer. For the interfacial self-assembly polymerization, its conditions are mild and it is easy to handle and purify the products without employing/removing template approach and the yield is also high.