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表面活性剂对金属荧光反应的增敏作用
引用本文:史慧明,崔万苍,王如骥.表面活性剂对金属荧光反应的增敏作用[J].化学学报,1983,41(11):1029-1037.
作者姓名:史慧明  崔万苍  王如骥
作者单位:南开大学化学系 天津(史慧明,崔万苍),南开大学化学系 天津七九届研究生(王如骥)
摘    要:研究了各种类型的表面活性剂对铪-栎精、锆-栎精、锡-桑色素、镁-8-羟基喹啉-5-磺酸(镁-H_QS)、锌-H_2QS、镉-H_2QS、铽-EDTA-磺基水杨酸体系荧光光谱的影响.结果表明:在适当的表面活性剂存在下,各种配合物的荧光强度均大大增强.确定了在有表面活性剂参与下三元配合物的最佳形成条件;以荧光法测定了这些荧光配合物的组成.用相对法测定了有表面活性剂和没有表面活性剂存在时荧光配合物的量子效率,并计算了在激发波长下各自的摩尔吸光系数.发现在有表面活性剂存在时,由于生成了有固定组成的三元离子缔合物,荧光配合物的量子效率和摩尔吸光系数都有不同程度的提高,从而大大增强了它们的荧光强度.讨论了表面活性剂胶束的作用以及表面活性剂的分子结构对荧光反应的影响.指出只有那些分子中带电荷基团与共轭大π键不相邻的表面活性剂才能对荧光反应起增敏作用.利用表面活性剂的增敏作用有可能建立一些高灵敏度的金属荧光分析法.

关 键 词:荧光分析  应用  光敏化  表面活性剂  强度  发光效率  金属络合物  荧光分光光度法

Sensitization of surfactant on the fluorescent reactions of metals
Abstract:The effects of different surfactants on Hf-quercetin, Zr-quercetin, Sn-morin, Mu-oxine-5-sulfonic acid (H2QS), ZN-H2QS, Cd-HIQS and Tb-EDTA-sulfosalicylie had (SSA) systems were investigated. It was found that the fluorescence intensity of each complex studied is increased greatly in the presence of a suitable surfactant. The eptimum conditions of formation of the ternary complexes involving a surfactant were found, and the compositions of these ternary complexes were established by finerometry. In the presence or absence of a surfactant, the quantum efficiencies (\I\) of fluorescent complexes were measured by relative method, and their molar absorptivities at the excitation wavelength (eex) were calculated. It was found that the quantum efficiencies and molar absorptivities of fluorescent complexes were increased to various degrees due to the formation of the ionic associated complexes with fixed composition, and their fluorescence intensity was increased greatly thereby. The function of surfactant micellar and the relation between the molecular structures of surfactants and their effects on the fluorescent reactions were discussed. It is noted that only by the surfactants in the molecule of which the aromatic system is not changed or connected directly with a charged functional group can the fluorescent reactions be sensitized. With the sensitization of surfactant it is possible to develop some fluorometries of metals which are highly sensitive.
Keywords:FLUORIMETRIC ANALYSIS  APPLICATION  PHOTOSENSITIZATION  SURFACTANTS  INTENSITY  LUMINESCENCE EFFICIENCY  METAL COMPLEX  FLUOROSPECTROPHOTOMETRY
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