纺丝法制备木质素基碳纤维的研究进展

目前全球制备碳纤维主要以聚丙烯腈(PAN)或沥青为原丝,但是这类碳纤维制备成本高,限制了其自动化工业领域的大规模应用。木质素由于具有较高的含碳量和碳化收率高,其可以作为前驱体来制备碳纤维。作为一种新型材料,木质素基碳纤维因其具有价格低廉、环保、原料丰富、可实现废弃资源再生利用等优点而备受关注。本文详细介绍了木质素的分类及结构特征,阐述了不同纺丝方法制备的碳纤维的力学性能,并对其未来发展进行展望。

Recent Advances in Lignin-based Carbon Fibers Prepared by Spinning

At present,polyacrylonitrile and pitch are globally the most important starting materials for the preparation of carbon fibers.But due to high costs,these carbon fibers almost remain a product for use in high-end industrial applications.In the recent years,the interest in lignin as raw material for preparing carbon fibers is rapidly growing because of its low price,environmental friendly,abundant resources,wasting resource recycling.Besides,lignin has high carbon content and high carbon yield after carbonization.This review systematically summaries lignin-based carbon fibers prepared from different spinning methods and their mechanical properties.Finally,the future development of lignin-based carbon fibers is prospected.