Cytotoxicity of syringin and 4-methoxycinnamyl alcohol isolated from Foeniculum vulgare on selected human cell lines |
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| Authors: | Namrita Lall Navneet Kishore Brigitte Binneman Danielle Twilley Maryna van de Venter Debbie du Plessis-Stoman |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Plant Science, Plant Sciences Complex, University of Pretoria, Pretoria-0002, South Africa;2. Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Summerstrand Campus, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa |
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| Abstract: | This study was carried out to determine the cytotoxic effect of seven plant extracts and the isolated compounds – syringin and 4-methoxycinnamyl alcohol – on cancerous and non-cancerous cells. The ethanol extract of Foeniculum vulgare was found to exhibit the most significant toxicity with an IC50 value of 19.97 μg/mL on HeLa cells. Bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of two compounds, syringin (1) and 4-methoxycinnamyl alcohol (2). Both compounds showed toxicity against MCF-7, HeLa and DU145 cancer cell line. The results showed that compound 2 showed high toxicity against all the cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 14.24, 7.82 and 22.10 μg/mL, respectively. 4-Methoxycinnamyl alcohol also showed no apoptotic effect in cell cycle analysis after 48 h at a concentration of 10 μg/mL. However, DNA fragmentation study revealed that necrosis took place at a concentration of 10 μg/mL after 48 h exposure. |
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| Keywords: | Foeniculum vulgare cytotoxicity 4-methoxycinnamyl alcohol cell cycle analysis DNA fragmentation |
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