Point-of-care testing (POCT): Current techniques and future perspectives |
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Authors: | Peter B Luppa Carolin MüllerAlice Schlichtiger |
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Institution: | Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 München, Germany; Nadistrasse 14, 80809 München, Germany |
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Abstract: | Point-of-care testing (POCT) is a laboratory-medicine discipline that is evolving rapidly in analytical scope and clinical application. In this review, we first describe the state of the art of medical-laboratory tests that can be performed near the patient. At present, POCT ranges from basic blood-glucose measurement to complex viscoelastic coagulation assays. POCT shortens the time to clinical decision-making about additional testing or therapy, as delays are no longer caused by transport and preparation of clinical samples, and biochemical-test results are rapidly available at the point of care. Improved medical outcome and lower costs may ensue.Recent, evolving technological advances enable the development of novel POCT instruments. We review the underlying analytical techniques. If new instruments are not yet in practical use, it is often hard to decide whether the underlying analytical principle has real advantage over former methods. However, future utilization of POCT also depends on health-care trends and new areas of application. But, even today, it can be assumed that, for certain applications, near-patient testing is a useful complement to conventional laboratory analyses. |
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Keywords: | Bench-top POCT analyzer Continuous measurement POCT system Hemostaseological coagulation analyzer Molecular-biology-based POCT device POCT POCT data-manager software POCT in developing countries Point-of-care testing Strip-based POCT Unit-use analyzer |
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