3D bioprinted cancer cells are more tolerant to serum starvation than 2D cells due to autophagy |
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| Authors: | H Chen L Liang Z Lin Y Zhang S Mi L Rao T Xu |
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| Institution: | 1. The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People''s Republic of China;2. Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, People''s Republic of China;3. East China Institute of Digital Medical Engineering, Shangrao, 334000, People''s Republic of China;4. Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People''s Republic of China;5. Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, 510006, Guangzhou, People''s Republic of China;6. The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006, Guangzhou, People''s Republic of China |
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| Abstract: | Cancer is a global issue and a serious threat to human health, one approach to treatment is starvation therapy. Recently, three-dimensional (3D) bioprinted tumor tissue models have been developed; however, whether 3D bioprinted models are good for in vitro study of starvation therapy is unclear. In this study, we studied the state of cells with serum-free medium in both 3D bioprinted scaffold and 2D cell cultures and found that 3D bioprinted cancer cells (3D cells) were more tolerant to serum starvation than 2D cells in terms of cell viability, cell proliferation, and M2 macrophage polarization. Moreover, the ratio of LC3II/I, an index of autophagy, increased much more in 3D cells, and 3D cells showed more autophagosomes than 2D cells after serum starvation, which indicated that the autophagy levels were higher in 3D cells. These results suggested that 3D cells are more tolerant to serum starvation than 2D cells, and autophagy may play an important role in this process. |
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| Keywords: | 3D bioprinting Cancer cells Starvation Autophagy |
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