Preparation and characterization of ZnS nanoparticles deposited on montmorillonite

ZnS nanoparticles were prepared and deposited on montmorillonite (MMT) in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium (CTA). UV spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) proved the formation of nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 3 nm to 5 nm. Selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns revealed the presence of romboedric ZnS. The band gap energy of nanosize ZnS was estimated at 3.89 ± 0.03 eV. Photoluminescence spectra exhibited a strong emission band between 300 nm and 600 nm explained by the vacant ZnS nanostructure. The prepared ZnS-montmorillonite nanocomposite (ZnS-MMT) was used for the photocatalytic reduction of CO(2) providing a considerably high efficiency that exceeded 5-6-fold the results of commercial TiO(2) Degussa P25. The main reaction products were hydrogen and methane. Methanol and carbon oxide were also observed in about 7-fold lower amounts. The stability of ZnS against oxidation was confirmed by the determination of sulphate using capillary isotachophoresis.