基于长波长光激发的光敏剂和载体在肿瘤光动力治疗中的应用

光动力疗法是近年来兴起的一种新型的微创性治疗肿瘤的方法,目前已经成功地应用于临床上多种恶性肿瘤治疗中,并取得了良好的效果。然而,由于生物组织对可见光的吸收和散射,使得光线无法穿透组织到达身体内的目标区域,所以该疗法更适用于浅表肿瘤的治疗。长波长光尤其是近红外光具有良好的组织穿透深度,其在治疗组织深处的肿瘤方面具有显著的优势。基于长波长光激发的光敏剂及载体在实体肿瘤的治疗领域已经取得了丰硕的研究成果。本文将从光敏剂的研发、双光子激光的使用、上转换纳米粒子的引入等方面简要概述近十年来用于光动力治疗中的组装体系,以及长波长激发光在光动力治疗方面的发展趋势。

Long Wavelength Based Photosensitizers and Carriers for Cancer Photodynamic Therapy

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a newly minimally invasive method for the treatment of certain malignant tumors,and has achieved considerable efforts in clinical application.However,this method is limited by the attenuation of visible light by blood and soft tissues,and could be used in the cure of superficial tumors only.Nowadays,long wavelength light,especially near infrared red (NIR) light,which can penetrate a few centimeters into biological tissues,has been introduced and has gained plentiful and substantial achievements in the cure of solid cancers.In this review,we will focus on the recent advances made in the development of selfassembly systems for cancer PDT.Moreover,the perspectives of long wavelength activated PDT will also be discussed in the field of the development of photosensitizers (PSs),the use of two-photon excitation and the introduction of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs).