活性碳纤维的结构修饰及其吸附氙性能的研究

活性炭纤维对氙的吸附容量与其孔结构密切相关，为了提高活性炭纤维对氙气的吸附容量，本文分别用亚甲基蓝、对硝基苯酚等有机物，或氯化钠、碘等无机化合物填充的方法修饰活性炭纤维的孔结构；以及利用高锰酸钾或硝酸等氧化处理修饰活性炭纤维的表面化学性质，同时，利用低温氮等温吸附表征了这些改性活性炭纤维的孔结构，以及通过光电子能谱表征了改性活性炭纤维的表面化学结构，上述化合物充填或氧化改性活性炭纤维对氙的吸附性能的研究结果表明，适量化合物填充，或合适浓度硝酸对活性炭纤维的表面处理，可以有效地修饰活性炭纤维的孔结构或改变活性炭纤维表面对氙的亲和力。因而可有效地提高改性活性炭纤维对氙的吸附容量。

STRUCTURE MODIFICATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS AND THEIR EFFECT ON XENON ADSORPTION PROPERTIES

The adsorption capacities of Xenon on activated carbon fiber (ACF) are closely related to the pore structure of adsorbents. In order to enhance the adsorption capacity of activated carbon fiber for Xenon, in this paper, structures of a series of activated carbon fibers were modified by impregnating them with organic compounds or inorganic compounds such as Methylene blue (MB), p-nitrophenol (PNP), NaCl, and iodine or by oxidizing with KMnO4 or HNO3. The pore structure of these ACFs were characterized using nitrogen adsorption isotherms at 77K, the surface chemistry was characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS). The influence of pore filling or chemical treatment on their xenon adsorption properties was studied. The experimental results show that proper MB and PNP filling of activated carbon fibers, or the oxidizing treatment of activated carbon fibers by 7mol/L HNO3, thought result in some decrease of their surface area and pore volume, can effectively increase the xenon adsorption capacities of these treated activated carbon fibers.