固体粒子稳定的乳状液研究进展

综述了固体粒子对乳状液稳定性影响的有关研究进展。微细不溶的固体粒子构成重要的一类乳化剂,被水相和油相部分润湿的固体粒子能够有效地稳定乳状液。固体粒子稳定乳状液的效果取决于以下因素:粒子大小、粒子间相互作用和粒子的润湿性质。固体粒子存在的油-水界面表现出粘弹行为,这种粘弹界面膜可大大地提高空间位阻,减缓乳状液液珠间液膜变薄的速率,从而提高乳状液地稳定性。原油中的粘土、胶质、沥青质和石蜡等胶体粒子被证明对乳状液的稳定性起很大的作用。

Advances in solid-stabilized emulsions

This paper is a review of studies on solids-stabilized emulsions.Finely divided insoluble solid particles constitute an important class of emulsifier.Solid particles that are partially wetted by both the aqueous and the oil phases are capable of effectively stabilizing emulsions.The effectiveness of these solids on stabilizing emulsions depends on factors such as particle size,interactions,and wettability.The interface that solid particles remain there in a state of mechanical equilibrium possesses viscoelastic properties,which can greatly increase the steric hindrance to drop-drop coalescence and reduce the rate of the liquid film between the drops to be thinned,and further enhance the stability of the emulsion.In addition,the naturally occurring surfactants in the crude oils,colloidal particles in the form of clays,resins,asphaltenes,and wax have been identified to be largely responsible for the stability of these emulsions.