微波用于破乳的研究

原油自井下开采出来要穿过窄隙,与水和气混在一起。油中含有沥青质、石油环烷酸;水中含有各种矿物质,都是天然的乳化剂。因此,大量原油将以乳状液的形式被开采出来,大多数为油包水型(W/O),开发到中后期还会出现油包水、水又包油(O/W/O)型。这种原油无法进一步加工,于是,原油脱水成为采油和集输中一个普遍关注的问题。原油脱水国外较多使用化学破乳法,我国各油田多使用电—化学破乳。电—化学脱水法对高含水原油的适应性差,还需增设预脱水工序。而纯化学脱水,试剂昂贵,生产费用较高。因而,近年来人们开始探索将超声技术、微波技术用于破乳。本文考察了微波破乳效果及其机制,并与常规法进行比较。

STUDY ON THE DEMULSIFICATION USING MICROWAVE RADIATION

Based on the comparisons of the microwave radiation and conventional methods for demulsification, this paper has shown that microwave radiation can be used as an effective technique to separate water from the emulsified water-oil mixtures. The process of the microwave radiated upon the emulsion had been discussed. The results presented the availability of using microwave radiation to the treatment of crude oil.