Super-Monte Carlo: A photon/electron dose calculation algorithm for radiotherapy |
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| Institution: | 1. Cancer Therapy Center, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2170, Australia;2. Department of Radiation Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia;3. Centre for Medical and Health Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia;1. Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Univ. Paris Diderot, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France;2. CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France;3. Wrocław University of Technology, Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology, Division of Geology and Mineral Waters, Wybrzeże S. Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland;1. Dipartimento di Fisica “E. Pancini”, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, Napoli 80126, Italy;2. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli, Via Cinthia, Napoli 80126, Italy;1. Azienda Usl Toscana Centro, Medical Physics Unit Pistoia Prato, Italy;2. Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Medical Physics Unit, Firenze, Italy;3. Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy;4. Azienda Usl Toscana Sud-Est, Medical Physics Unit, Arezzo, Italy;5. INFN, Sezione di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;6. Azienda Usl Toscana Nord-Ovest, Medical Physics Unit, Lucca, Italy;7. Azienza USL Toscana Centro, Cardiology Unit, Pistoia, Italy;1. Department of Biomedical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;2. University of Malaya Research Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;3. Diagnostic Imaging Department, Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching 93586, Malaysia;4. Diagnostic Imaging Department, Taiping Hospital, Taiping 34000, Malaysia |
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| Abstract: | Super-Monte Carlo (SMC) is a method of dose calculation for radiotherapy which combines both analytical calculations and Monte Carlo electron transport. Analytical calculations are used where possible, such as the determination of photon interaction density, to decrease computation time. A Monte Carlo method is used for the electron transport in order to obtain high accuracy of results. To further speed computation, Monte Carlo is used once only, to form an electron track kernel (etk). The etk is a dataset containing the lengths and energy deposition of each step of a number of electron tracks. The etk is transported from each incident particle interaction site, from which the dose is calculated. Dose distributions calculated in heterogeneous media show SMC results similar to those of Monte Carlo. For the same statistical uncertainty, SMC takes an order of magnitude less computation time than a full Monte Carlo simulation. SMC has only been implemented for photons and electrons, however the same basic method could be used for the transport of other particles. Current development includes the optimisation of the etks and the code in order to decrease computation time, and also the inclusion of SMC onto a clinical planning system. |
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