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Three-Pronged Attack by Homologous Far-red/NIR AIEgens to Achieve 1+1+1>3 Synergistic Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy |
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| Authors: | Wenhan Xu Michelle M S Lee Dr Jing-Jun Nie Zhihan Zhang Dr Ryan T K Kwok Dr Jacky W Y Lam Dr Fu-Jian Xu Dr Dong Wang Prof Ben Zhong Tang |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, 999077 Hong Kong, China
HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China These authors contributed equally to this work.;2. Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, 999077 Hong Kong, China These authors contributed equally to this work.;3. Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029 China;4. Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, 999077 Hong Kong, China;5. Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, 999077 Hong Kong, China Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China;6. Center for AIE Research, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 China |
| Abstract: | Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has long been shown to be a powerful therapeutic modality for cancer. However, PDT is undiversified and has become stereotyped in recent years. Exploration of distinctive PDT methods is thus highly in demand but remains a severe challenge. Herein, an unprecedented 1+1+1>3 synergistic strategy is proposed and validated for the first time. Three homologous luminogens with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics were rationally designed based on a simple backbone. Through slight structural tuning, these far-red/near-infrared AIE luminogens are capable of specifically anchoring to mitochondria, cell membrane, and lysosome, and effectively generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Notably, biological studies demonstrated combined usage of three AIE photosensitizers gives multiple ROS sources simultaneously derived from several organelles, which gives superior therapeutic effect than that from a single organelle at the same photosensitizers concentration. This strategy is conceptually and operationally simple, providing an innovative approach and renewed awareness of improving therapeutic effect through three-pronged PDT. |
| Keywords: | aggregation-induced emission photodynamic therapy organelle targeting photosensitizers synergistic treatment |